| History of Spain |
1100 BC. Phoenician traders establish colony at Cádiz in southern
Iberia.
228 BC. Carthaginians occupy southern and eastern Iberia.
218-220 BC. Romans defeat Carthage in Second Punic War and occupy
Iberian peninsula.
74 AD Inhabitants of Iberia are granted full Roman citizenship.
409 Visigoths occupy Iberian peninsula.
573 The Visigoths conquered Spain
711 Muslims from northern Africa invaded Spain displacing the Goths
913. Having re-taken territories in northern Spain, Christians establish
capital in León.
1013. Powerful Caliphate of Córdoba breaks up due to internal strife;
Moorish Spain split into small feuding kingdoms.
1094 El Cid, a Castilian Christian, fought the Moors and conquered
Valencia
1100s Portugal gained its independence
1200s The Muslim territory had been reduced to the Kingdom of
Granada
1200's The Christian territory controlled the Kingdoms of Aragon,
Navarre, and Castile
1212. Decisive Christian victory at battle of Navas de Tolosa spells the
beginning of the end of Moorish rule in Spain.
1469 The marriage of Prince Ferdinand of Aragon and Princess Isabella
of Castille
1474 Isabella became Queen of Castile
1479 Ferdinand became King of Aragon
1480 The Spanish Inquisition was established
1492 The Muslims of Granada were defeated
1492 Christopher Columbus voyage to America was financed by the
King and Queen
1494 Spain and Portugal claimed the lands of the New World
1513 Vasco Nunez de Balboa crossed Central America
1516 Charles I became Spanish king and extended the Spanish Empire
to include Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg
1519 Charles I became the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V
1521 Hernando Cortes conquered the Mexican Aztecs
1533 Francisco Pizarro conquered the South American Inca empire
1588 Philip launched the Spanish Armada which the English defeated
1702-14 War of Spanish Succession. Bourbon dynasty accedes to
Spanish throne
1714 The War of the Spanish Succession ended when Spain lost all of
its European empire
1763 Spain lost Florida to the United Kingdom
1808-14. Peninsular War. Spaniards rise against Napoleon's occupying
force. Combination of guerilla tactics and support from
Wellington's army end in French defeat.
17 July 1821 Spain ceded Florida to the United States
1898 The Spanish were defeated in the Spanish - American War . Cuba
was given its independence and Guam, the Philippines, and
Puerto Rico were given to the United States
1914-1918 World War I - Spain remained neutral
April 1931 Spanish king is forced to abdicate. The Spaniards voted for a
republican form of Spanish government
1936 General Francisco Franco became the leader of the rebels and
Spanish Civil War ensued. Bloody conflict ends with General
Franco's victory. Dictatorship established.
1939-1945 World War II - Spain remained neutral
1969 Franco declared that Prince Juan Carlos would become the next
king of Spain
1975 Franco dies, Juan Carlos de Borbón is proclaimed king. Spain
becomes constitutional monarchy. Democracy would bring
membership of the European Community
1982. Spain joins NATO, becoming a member of a mainstream European
organization.
1995. Spain joins the European Community.
2004. Islamic terrorists strike the Atocha train station in Madrid with
bombs, killing nearly 300 and precipitating a change in
government.
Iberia.
228 BC. Carthaginians occupy southern and eastern Iberia.
218-220 BC. Romans defeat Carthage in Second Punic War and occupy
Iberian peninsula.
74 AD Inhabitants of Iberia are granted full Roman citizenship.
409 Visigoths occupy Iberian peninsula.
573 The Visigoths conquered Spain
711 Muslims from northern Africa invaded Spain displacing the Goths
913. Having re-taken territories in northern Spain, Christians establish
capital in León.
1013. Powerful Caliphate of Córdoba breaks up due to internal strife;
Moorish Spain split into small feuding kingdoms.
1094 El Cid, a Castilian Christian, fought the Moors and conquered
Valencia
1100s Portugal gained its independence
1200s The Muslim territory had been reduced to the Kingdom of
Granada
1200's The Christian territory controlled the Kingdoms of Aragon,
Navarre, and Castile
1212. Decisive Christian victory at battle of Navas de Tolosa spells the
beginning of the end of Moorish rule in Spain.
1469 The marriage of Prince Ferdinand of Aragon and Princess Isabella
of Castille
1474 Isabella became Queen of Castile
1479 Ferdinand became King of Aragon
1480 The Spanish Inquisition was established
1492 The Muslims of Granada were defeated
1492 Christopher Columbus voyage to America was financed by the
King and Queen
1494 Spain and Portugal claimed the lands of the New World
1513 Vasco Nunez de Balboa crossed Central America
1516 Charles I became Spanish king and extended the Spanish Empire
to include Belgium, the Netherlands, and Luxembourg
1519 Charles I became the Holy Roman Emperor Charles V
1521 Hernando Cortes conquered the Mexican Aztecs
1533 Francisco Pizarro conquered the South American Inca empire
1588 Philip launched the Spanish Armada which the English defeated
1702-14 War of Spanish Succession. Bourbon dynasty accedes to
Spanish throne
1714 The War of the Spanish Succession ended when Spain lost all of
its European empire
1763 Spain lost Florida to the United Kingdom
1808-14. Peninsular War. Spaniards rise against Napoleon's occupying
force. Combination of guerilla tactics and support from
Wellington's army end in French defeat.
17 July 1821 Spain ceded Florida to the United States
1898 The Spanish were defeated in the Spanish - American War . Cuba
was given its independence and Guam, the Philippines, and
Puerto Rico were given to the United States
1914-1918 World War I - Spain remained neutral
April 1931 Spanish king is forced to abdicate. The Spaniards voted for a
republican form of Spanish government
1936 General Francisco Franco became the leader of the rebels and
Spanish Civil War ensued. Bloody conflict ends with General
Franco's victory. Dictatorship established.
1939-1945 World War II - Spain remained neutral
1969 Franco declared that Prince Juan Carlos would become the next
king of Spain
1975 Franco dies, Juan Carlos de Borbón is proclaimed king. Spain
becomes constitutional monarchy. Democracy would bring
membership of the European Community
1982. Spain joins NATO, becoming a member of a mainstream European
organization.
1995. Spain joins the European Community.
2004. Islamic terrorists strike the Atocha train station in Madrid with
bombs, killing nearly 300 and precipitating a change in
government.
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